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Home » Plastic Surgery in Ancient History

Plastic Surgery in Ancient History

06/14/2022 by DR. ANDREW JACONO

An ancient Egyptian wall painting

We know that plastic surgery was happening during ancient times, though our records are not as clear as we would like. The first known example comes from ancient Egypt in 1600 BCE, in a script called the Edwin Smith papyrus. This book showed surgery to repair the look of a broken nose.

Later texts from other parts of the world show that skin grafts, in some form, were used in the 8th century BCE, in India. Later, in the 6th century BCE, the Indian physician Sushruta wrote a medical book outlining both plastic surgery and cataract surgery.

We know that Romans worked with plastic surgery, though they struggled because culturally they didn’t dissect bodies and had to work off of much older Greek drawings. But they reconstructed the ears of Roman Legionnaires who were injured in battle. 

Plastic Surgery in Medieval Times

The first nose reconstruction was recorded in the 1400s CE, done by a surgeon named Antonio Branca. It was recorded by the German Heinrich von Pfolspeundt in the 1460 book “Buch der Bündth-Ertznei.” This was a rather grueling affair in which the skin of the forearm was attached to the nose in a very crude skin graft. The forearm was bound to the face of the patient for 8-10 days, after which the skin flap was cut free. 

Plastic Surgery in the Industrial Revolution

The first known nose reconstruction, which actually contained structure, was done in 1814 on a British military officer who had lost his nose to mercury poisoning. The German surgeon wrote the paper “Rhinoplastik”, the word from which rhinoplasty gets its name. 

The first cleft palate was corrected in 1827 by an American surgeon named John Peter Mettauer.

Plastic Surgery in the Modern Era

There was a lot of demand for plastic surgery post World War I, as many soldiers returned with facial wounds. Known as the father of modern plastic surgery, Sir Harold Gillies, along with an oral surgeon Hippolyte Morestin created the first facial injury ward at Cambridge Military Hospital. Over 11,000 surgeries were performed on more than 5,000 men. 

The next world war drove a similar need for plastic surgery, and Gillies’ cousin, Archibald McIndoe, worked in the Queen Victoria Hospital treating burn victims, including those with severe facial disfigurement. 

Cosmetic Plastic Surgery

Cosmetic or elective plastic surgery grew from these innovations in treating wounds. It is estimated that in 2014, nearly 16 million cosmetic surgeries were done in the United States. The most common surgeries are nose reshaping, eyelid surgery, facelifts, liposuction, and breast augmentation. 

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Doctor Jacono’s desire to become a facial plastic surgeon was solidified in grade school. There was a girl on his school bus route who was born with a cleft lip and palate deformity. Unfortunately, whenever she spoke, air and words escaped through her nose. Kids teased her and were cruel, and nobody would sit next to her on the bus, so he decided to sit with her. One day, the girl had plastic surgery and returned to school with her face repaired. Suddenly, classmates saw her face instead of her deformity and immediately treated her normally. It was at that moment that Doctor Jacono knew he wanted to fix people’s faces and change their lives. This is why he has gone on over twenty plastic surgery missions to poor countries around the world and provided free cleft lip and surgery for birth defects to over 500 children.

Because of this experience in his childhood, Doctor Jacono understands that one of our basic needs as human beings is to feel confident about our appearance. It’s is Doctor Jacono’s passion to help his patients achieve their facial aesthetic goals, creating natural appearing results to either enhance their beauty and proportion or rejuvenate their aging appearance. He is a world-renowned leader in the field of facial plastic surgery and only performs surgery on the face, not the body. He has innovated many facelift, eyelid lift, and rhinoplasty surgical techniques, publishing in leading peer reviewed literature and lecturing at plastic surgery conferences all over the world. He is committed to sharing what he has learned teaching surgeons from around the world.

His approach is to maintain your uniqueness and facial identity; it is still you just better. To do this he uses a customized, bespoke approach to each patient employing the most minimally invasive, innovative, and cutting-edge technology. Doctor Jacono has never performed the same procedure on any two of the thousands of patients he has treated. He is committed to providing his surgical expertise in a caring, supportive environment with a professional staff that has you as their focus and concern.